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GOLD
The Gold fundamentally is a chemical element. Gold is among the precious metal available in the earth. In chemistry the symbol of the gold is Au, which was derived out from the word Latin, aurum and atomic number of Gold is 79. Gold is a univalent transition and trivalent metal chemically. Gold is highly preferred precious metal used for making Jewelry for many years. In addition to making Jewelry gold is being used as a store of value, assets and money.

1 Carat Diamond 14K Gold "S" Link Tennis Bracelet (1.00 Carat, H-I, I1-I2)

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Product Description
Exquisite sophistication around your wrist. This stunning tennis bracelet showcases gorgeous diamonds set into a feminine creation of dazzle, sparkle and beauty. The elegance of a diamond bracelet is sought after by all, worn casually or formally, this is one piece you will adore.1 Carat Diamond 14K Gold "S" Link Tennis Bracelet

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Once upon a time gold was known as coinage or currency metals. In old days gold was used for making coins. As a metal gold is soft, dense, shiny, ductile and the most malleable. The color of pure gold is bright yellow. International Monetary Fund also use gold as the basis for a monetary standard. Gold is also used by Bank for global Settlements. The gold is carrying XAU as ISO currency code. Earlier gold was also used in modern industry like Electronics and dentistry because gold is known as good resistance to oxidative corrosion.

Most of the chemicals does not react with gold. Gold formed amalgam alloys when dissolve in mercury.

The gold is a metal which is ductile and malleable. One square meter of sheet can be made from a single gram of gold. Gold leaf can be made translucent after beaten thin. Alloy can be made by using metals and gold. Hardness can be increased by making alloy with gold. Normally 8 to 10 % silver found in the gold. Alloy which contain more then 20 % of silver known as electrum. The specific gravity of alloy become lower with the increase of silver and color becomes more whiter.

Gold is known as a good conductor of electricity and heat and air can not influence the gold. Gold is least chemically affected with Heat, corrosive agents, oxygen and moisture. making it well-suited for use in coins and jewelry; On the contrary to make gold suitable for jewelry chemically alteration with halogens required.

Pure high quality gold has no taste. The density of the gold very high. The weight of one cubic meter of gold is 19300 kilogram.

In various countries for financial exchange gold is used as a standard. Gold is very soft metal and can be harden by adding copper or any other base metal. 24 K gold treated as pure gold. "K" in gold represent as carats and content of gold in alloys known as carats. More carats of gold signify more purity. Crown gold is of 22 carats.Gold bars are normally made of 24 carats. The fashion of using coin in gold is now no more for general purpose.

Since pure gold is too soft, its used along with alloy for making jewelry. The color, melting point, ductility,hardness and other properties og the gold can be changed by adding alloy in. In the market for making jewelry different gold alloys are available like 10 carats,14 carats, 18 carats and 22 carats. Low carats of gold alloys contain higher amount of copper, silver and other base metals in the gold alloy. Most common metal used in gold alloy is metal. Normally Russian and antique Jewelry made of 18K gold alloy in which percentage of copper found around 25 percent. 14K gold alloy normally used in making badges. The other kind of gold are purple gold which can be made by adding aluminum and similarly by adding iron blue gold can be made. The use of purple gold is very exceptional and used in making a particular jewelry. The green gold can be made by adding silver and after adding silver its color become greenish yellow similarly white gold alloys contain nickel or palladium. In white 18K gold the percentage of copper is 2.2 percentage, Zinc 5.5 percentage and nickel 17.3 percentage and appearance is like silver.

White gold alloys using white metals, silver and palladium are more costly. Nickel based white gold is cheaper than those using silver and other white metals. The corrosion resistance of high carat white gold alloys are more than sterling silver or pure silver.

Gold is also used in pharmaceuticals treatments. Gold is also advantageous for health. Gold which are having anti-inflammatory properties can be used arthritis treatment.

Gold soldering is one of the method used to joining gold jewelry parts. Gold soldering normally done by using similar carat of gold as carrying by jewelry.

Gold alloys are also used in used dentistry in healing of tooth for making bridges and crowns.Gold alloys used in dentistry are more malleable. Gold crowns are more expensive and superior than porcelain crowns.

Gold is also used in Indian embroidery. Since gold a ductile metal, it can convert in to thread and used in embroidery. Being a very malleable and ductile metal gold can easily converted in to thin sheets named gold leaf.

Gold is used as gold toner in photography. Gold toners used to change and to boost the durability of colors.

Gold due to highly corrosion resistance and good electricity conductor used as electricity wiring in high-energy functions.

Gold is widely used in electronic industry for making thin layer of coating on all kinds of electrical conductors because gold is a good conductor and also carry resistance to corrosion and oxidation. Gold is used in making connectors of costly electronic cables like USB cables, video and audio cables. The use of gold in video and audio industry has been reduced now a days due to high cost of gold but still gold is widely used in certain computers, space crafts, communication equipments and jet aircraft engines and not likely to be replaced with any other material in near future. Because of resistance to corrosion, ductility, good electrical conductivity and lack of toxicity, gold is also used in electrical contacts. Colloidal gold found extremely red colored in the water. In the field of medicine research application, material science and in the field of biology, Colloidal gold is used widely. Noble prize award and Olympics awards and many other honors and competitions award a medal which is also made of gold to the winner.

Gold is also used as a coating on artificial satellites and as protective coatings on astronauts' helmets and infrared protective faceplates in thermal shield.Gold is also used in some high end CDs as reflective layer because of a good reflector properties. In the field of medical for the treatment of cancer the isotope gold-198 is used.

From prehistoric times, Gold has been well known and greatly treasured. It might have been the first metal used by the human kind and was valued for making ornaments. Egyptian hieroglyphs from as early as 2600 BC describe gold, which king Tushratta of the Mitanni claimed was "more plenteous than dirt" in Egypt. In Egypt and Nubia one can find the resources to make them major gold-producing areas. Gold is also mentioned several times in the Old authentication, and is included with the gifts of the magi in the first chapters of Matthew New Testament the southeast corner of the Black Sea was famous for its gold. From the time of Midas Utilization is said from the date, and this gold was key in the establishment of what is perhaps the world's earliest currency in Lydia between 643 and 630 BC.

Throughout the old world, The Mali Empire in Africa was famous for its hefty amounts of gold. Mansa Musa, ruler of the empire (1312 - 1337) became renowned throughout the old world for his great hajj to Mecca in 1324. On the way to Mecca, when he passed through Cairo in July of 1324, he was supposedly accompany by a group that included thousands of people and nearly a hundred camels, giving away so much gold that it took over a decade for the economy across North Africa to recover, due to the swift inflation that it initiated.

Despite much higher  price of many  platinum group metals, gold since long treated as most popular valuable metals, and value of gold treated as the standard for numerous currencies in history. Gold has been considered as a symbol of value, purity and royalty.

The principal aim of the alchemists was to generate gold from supplementary substances, like lead etc. — most probably by the interface with a legendary material called the philosopher's stone. Even though they not at all succeeded in this effort, the alchemists promoted an attention in what are able to ready with substances, and this laid an establishment for today's chemistry. Their sign for bullion was the loop with a tip at its middle (?), which is as well the astrological character, the Egyptian character and the olden Chinese temperament for the Sun.

The world biggest gold deposit was found in the one of the South Africa’s city named as Johannesburg. None of the any other gold mine was having such big collection of gold. The world’s deepest mines of Gold are TauTona and Savuka which are 3777m deep.

The other major producers of gold in world are Peru, Australia, United States, Russia and China. Two third of the gold consumed in united State supplied by Nevada and South Dakota.

In Arizona, Gold Nuggets are available. Primarily there are three process involved in producing Gold. These are Gold extraction, Gold mining and Gold.

South Africa known as largest gold supplier in world in 1880. Approximately 50% of the world supply of gold produces by South Africa. In 1970 gold Production went up to approximately 78 % of the world supply. That time South Africa produced approximately 1,000 tones of Gold. But due to shifting of economic and factors and difficulty of Gold extraction Gold industry of South Africa affected badly and gold production came down to 294 tones in the year of 2005.

Miller process or Wohlwill process is used to refined the gold after initial production.

Immense amount of gold is available in world’s oceans but in very low attentiveness. Number of people has claimed to be capable to inexpensively pick up gold from sea water, but so far no confirmation on this.

A German inventor Fritz Haber attempted marketable taking out of gold from sea water. Unfortunately due to his wrong  evaluation of the attentiveness of gold in sea water excessively far above the ground, the attempt to produced little gold was too high. Till date no commercially feasible method for extracting gold from sea water has been recognized. Gold separation is not cost-effectively feasible and is not likely to happen to in the predictable prospect.

The average extraction cost of gold comes around  $236 per troy ounce but this cost can vary extensively depending on ore quality and  type of mining. Global production of gold was approximately  2,600 tonnes around six years ago which was approximately  66% of total gold demand.

Gold is also measured by weight in grams like other valuable metals. Carat is a term used to indicate percentage of the gold present in alloy metal. 24 karats gold known as pure gold. 

The gold price  is depends on the open market. In September 1919 a procedure to provide a daily benchmark figure to gold industry  was originating in London which was  known as the Gold Fixing. Due to rare availability of gold ,its price is high.

Gold was also used as currency in the past history. A certain weight of gold was given the name of the unit of currency. In the past history gold coin was very popular currency.

In  United States, government fixed the value of the US Dollar by considering gold value. In 1934 dollar was revalued to $35.00 per troy ounce and by the year 1961 it was fetching tough to sustain this price due to  variation in gold and US Dollar price., At last European banks and United States decided to control the market to avoid more currency depreciation against increased demand of  gold.

Due to economic situation gold pool system  was distorted in March 1968. After this collapse, to settle international accounts, a two-tiered pricing system was initiated. In  this system no control was kept on private market price of gold. Private market price of gold   was allowed to fluctuate in natural way. In 1975 when the price of gold was reached to its free-market level,  two-tiered pricing system was discarded. The historical gold reserved in  Central banks was still on hold even though the level has normally been declining.

The biggest gold reservoir of around 3 % of the gold ever mined  in the world is with  U.S. Federal Reserve Bank in New York.
As per World Gold Council, estimated total global gold supply was  3,859 tonnes  against  demand of  3,754 tonnes  i.e. supply was more then demand by  105 tonnes.

Gold is known as a noble metal. It  forms a lot of  diverse compounds  Through out the history gold has been connected with edge of intense malevolence and great inviolability.

The Golden Calf is treated as a symbol of worship and uprising against God. Similarly golden pocket watch and its  chain  were the feature garnishes of the class rival. Credit card companies also  associate their credit card by giving name as Gold card etc.

Gold is also  associated with prominent anniversaries for 50-year series, such as golden Jubilee and   golden wedding anniversary etc.

Great individual achievements are regularly rewarded with gold, in the form of decorations and  medals. In athletes and other games, winners are generally awarded the gold medal.

Many award statues are represent in gold like British Academy Film Awards, the Golden Globe Awards, Emmy Awards and Academy Awards etc.

Gold is also used in making wedding rings traditionally because of its unaffected quality by the passage of time and it is long-lasting. Gold is also considered a suitable metal for everyday wear as well as a simile for the association.

In conventional Christianity, the wedded couple is bejeweled with a golden crown during the ceremony.

The emblematic cost of gold varies significantly more or less in the world, even within geographic regions. For example, gold is considered a most valuable gift in Sicily and in Turkey gold is very common.

Gold has been associated to belief and religion from most olden times Gold is particularly related with the Sun. Gold is also treated as best material to garnish spiritual descriptions, all over the  history.

JEWELRY

Around 13th century Jewelry term was derivative from the word Jewel which was originally originated from French word Jouel. Jewelry is known as personal ornaments like bracelet, ring and necklace etc. Jewelry is used to decorate or beautification of human body. Jewelry can be made out of any precious metal. Jewelry can be made out of almost every metal and non metallic material also and has been made to embellish virtually every body part, from toe rings to hairpins  and many more

In olden  times jewelry was used for  wealth storage and pinning clothes. Now a days the use of jewelry is more or less absolutely for decoration. As per history first pieces of Jewelry was made from natural materials, like animal teeth ,bone, wood  shell and carved stone. People of high status used jewelry to show their status and in many cases jewelry is also used to cover body parts.

Gemstones and precious metals are widely used to make precious and costly jewelry. Other less-costly metals are also used to make jewelry costume of low price

In the society, fundamentally five reason to wear jewelry such as

Most of people have a practice of storing large amounts of jewelry stored  as wealth. Similarly in the society  several cultures shift wedding dowries in the form of jewelry, or create jewelry as a means to display coins or to  store. Jewelry has also been used as a currency or do business.

Due to diminishing requirement of many purely functional items of jewelry, like buckles and brooches, requirement  shifted  into decorative items.

Jewelry is  also represent the group membership as in the case of married people in western practice  wear  wedding ring and similarly in India married women wear Mangalsutra.

It is very common in some culture to wear devotional medals and lucky charm and to offer shield. These may take the shape of animals ,stones, plants  glyphs and  signs or body parts.

Coins, gemstones and other precious metal are frequently used in creating Jewelry. Almost every Alloys metal utilize in making Jewelry for example, in roman times bronze is used widely. Platinum, White gold, gold, palladium and silver are most common metals used in making modern Jewelry. In Europe and American alloy of gold used in making Jewelry. The purity of this alloy of gold is measured in karats. The purity level of this Jewelry is indicated in K, like 9K or 10 K. In US if Jewelry is 10K its indicate 41.7 % of pure gold. Similarly in UK, Jewelry indicated from 9K to 18K. 18K indicate 75 % purity of gold. Increasing in value of K indicates more purity of gold. In India 22K and 24K Jewelry of gold is common where as in US and UK 22K and 24K Jewelry known as too soft Jewelry. In the Middle East, Asia and Africa these high purity alloys are widely used in making Jewelry. Platinum alloys used in making Jewelry are vary between 900 (90% pure) to 950 (95.0% pure). The silver which is used in making Jewelry is generally 92.5% fine silver or sterling silver.

Fused glass, glass, enamel and  wood are frequently used for making Jewelry. Often stamped or curved; shells and other natural animal substances such as ivory and bone, polymer clay, natural clay and even plastics.
 
In fashionable bead embroidery design, Beads are frequently used in Jewelry. These may be made of gemstones, glass, shells, metal, wood, clay and polymer clay. Beaded Jewelry normally includes necklaces, earrings, bracelets, and belts. Beads may be small or  large, the smallest category of beads used are identified as seed beads, these are the beads used for the "woven" style of beaded Jewelry. Seed beads are also used in embroidery technique where seed beads are sewn onto cloth backings to make large neckline pieces and beaded bracelets. Bead embroidery, a popular type of handwork during the Victorian era is enjoying revitalization in modern Jewelry making

GOLD JEWELRY

In country like India women have used gold to adorn them from times. India was known as "The golden bird" in history. In India every special occasion was marked by the gold. Indians have the trend to give gold as gift whatever the occasion is, be it child's birth or wedding day or the success in life. This yellow metal has always captured man's interest universally and at all times. Gold is a unique connector of people and emotions. It is a symbol of perfection, immorality and perfection. Gold is a substance that myths and tradition are made of. As a universal means to communicate matters of the heart gold has played an important role in human relationships from centuries and across cultures.

It is not a new concept that people exchange gifts of gold to celebrate love or to pass on gold's fascination as an eternal connection from one generation to another. These values are those of gold alone. There is no other metal that possesses such enduring qualities.
Now a days gold trade has come a long way. There are varieties of designs available in gold. Many premium brands in gold are in the market to give most exquisite gold jewelry to the customers. There is lots of branded jewelry available in the market. We will discuss about some of these.

Gill is the first jewelry brand launched in India. Gill has achieved super brand status. Its unique designs and elegance jewelry attract customers. Gill is one of the topmost brands for studded jewelry and its genuine diamond and gold jewelry available in affordable prices. Gill has several of its exclusive showrooms in the name of 'Gill World'. It has the variety of heavy wedding jewelry to light daily wearing jewelry.
Gold expressions is the another famous brand. It is famous for their unique collection of yellow metal. Gold expressions jewelry pieces have been designed for the women who value gold jewelry to reflect their individual tastes and personalities. Gold Expression has their campaign that symbolizes "The language of Italian design"
Collection G Gold jewelry is to adorn the women of today. Collection G celebrates the modern woman's kinship for gold through a styli shed expression of modern designs. This collection it targeted at young fashion conscious women, who are looking for fashionable and lightweight jewelry, which they can wear regularly. The collection, which weighs between five and twenty gram,, consists of earrings, bracelets, pendants and rings, it is supposed to be fusion of western and Indian designs and comprises four designs. Collection g is an attempt to make gold contemporary and a gun fashion accessory for young women the collection is funky toned and trendy opportunity to be creatiave and innovative with gold. Its collection is outcome of extensive research. Which showed that there was a need for affordable jewelry for younger women, which they could refurbish with various outfits.

Bollywood Jewelry
Gold as a material offers several opportunities of styling in terms of textures, finishes and volumes. It is this beauty that the brand bollywood gold explores through its product line. The range caters to middle class and above. The need for status is vital, renown, the feeling of old money, distinction. One of the key evolving trends for the season is the bold and chunky look with lots of colored stones and experimentation in terms of finishes on metal. Moving with the times, the new product range of bollywood gold is fashioned to suit the current taste of the market. It is made of eighteen carat gold, with textures and finishes in some eases various semi precious gemstones in the colors apple green, rose, champagne, lavender, aqua blue and white are used in the collection.
Design styling for the range is quite modern and fashionable. It presents a beautiful visual appeal in terms of textures as well as colors. As such, color stone jewelry is getting vague tide. A lot of experimentation is done in terms of volumes and textures. The forms are bold and chunky. Using colored stones in most cases. Its lovely product collection includes dangler earrings, chandeliers, hoops, rings, pendants, necklaces, bracelets etc. it offers a great variety in terms of fashionable colored stone jewelry.

Jewelry, highly prized as it is. is also highly priced. So, after spending so much money on it, one wants to be sure that the quality is worth the price paid.

Gold jewelry is famous all over the world. Gold jewelry is prized according to the weight and the purity. The cost of the gold jewelry is pushed up to thirty to forty percent on account of labour charges. When buying gold jewelry it is always advisable to frequent a reputed jeweller .

Keeping gold jewelry in velvet boxes or pouches is the best way to maintain the jewelry as this prevents unwanted cuts and scratches from affecting your precious jewelry.

Most married Hindu women wear the ‘mangal-sutra', considered a symbol of a married woman. Gold bangles and rings are part of their daily wear. Such is the fascination for gold ornaments that loss of gold in any form, including ornaments, is considered inauspicious. For the indian women jewelry hold a special significance in their life. Jewelry is that precious thing which stay and grows with women. Jewelary is a timeless heritage of feminine beauty which can be passed from one generation to another.

Historically, Indian jewelry can be traced back to early civilization. Two of the earliest civilizations, Mohenjodaro and Harrapa, were found to use intricately designed jewelry. Jewelry had always been a part of religious ceremony, and it continues to be so in present times. In fact, in India jewelry can be classified into three types based on the occasions they are worn.

THE DAY OF THE YELLOW METAL

According to the ancient text the festival of Akshay Tritiya is a very auspicious occasion. It is believed that anything purchased on that day will bring luck and success and also multiply in abundance. This makes it the ideal day for the purchase of gold.

Gold is an important part of India's rich cultural heritage and holds a special place in the heart of the Indian woman touching her emotions and speaking to her in a profound manner. This Akshay Tritiya designer comes with the new collection.

GOLD EXPRESSIONS

Gold expressions introduce a touch of Italian pizzazz and style. Created in association with the World Gold Council and the Vicenza Fair authorities, Gold expressions is the language of Italian designers communication.

BOLLYWOOD GOLD

The glamour and glitz of celluloid inspires a new range of 18k gold jewelry studded with colored stones celebrating Bollywood glamorous pendants, earrings, finger rings, bracelets and sets. Created in collaboration with World Gold Council.

Inspiration

Gold has always assumed in redefining the age-old opinions about gold jewelry. With the association of world gold council, D'damas gold has yet another motivated collection: Inspiration. This is highly fashionable range of gold jewelry in India designed by the best designers in India and it finds its origin in several objects, which inspired the intricate shapes and design of this collection. The face of this new brand f jewelry is the highly acclaimed Ritu Beri the famous designer.
This collection will help symbolize the beauty of women and build a meaningful connection between art and design. After having proved her spirit in the Indian fashion area, Ritu Beri now takes to designing jewelry and endorsing this stunning collection. She has brawn inspiration from everyday objects around us and created a range using precious and semiprecious stones. This brand also brings to the consumers the unique range of ethnic contemporary jewelry designs that were conceived through Anglo Gold Ashanti Auditions= the Indian gold jewelry design competition. It is 22k gold collection and there has been a good use of precious and semi precious stones like rubies emeralds, tourmalines, and topaz.

Maya gold

Maya symbolizes the unending bond. The role of gold in our lives goes much deeper, touching our emotion and speaking to us in our lives goes much deeper. Touching our emotions and speaking to us in fro found ways its epitomizes the strongest of relationships. And one such beautiful relationship is the father daughter bond. Where the daughter is the most precious to her father. Papa's little princess will for all time, be just that And Maya gold from gitanjai gold is a heart warming testimony of the place a woman has in her father's heart. Gold has always been an intimate part of this bond. Maya is a tribute to the everlasting and emotional association between a father and his daughter. The collection is created from 22-carat gold. Comprises of bangles, necklace, earrings and rings and is specially aimed at both the Indian wedding market and other events that are correlated with the institution of marriage in the country. Maya Gold is part of the Speak Gold' platform promoted by the World Gold Council. Focusing on the bond forged between a father and daughter, the jewelry collection is accompanied by the feeling 'moment like these speak gold' in order to reinforce the intimate element of this special attachment which gold personifies. Gold it's the truest way a father ensures his daughter will never want for anything. It's the love she carries with her even when she moves away from home.